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It primarily helps to prevent data disclosure resulting from physical theft.
Key management procedures defined in Requirement 3.5 are more critical for FDE. If a user loses his password that grants access to the encrypted system, he has no access to his data at all. System password management and key management processes have to be defined and put into place.
Slight delays in writing and reading data can occur, especially with very large files and high transaction volumes. Some FDE programs can cause an increase in data access times. Without this level of protection, only passwords with high complexity would provide sufficient protection. With this hardware based dictionary attack prevention, the user can opt for shorter or weaker passwords which are more memorable.
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If the authentication mechanism is implemented in software only, the access typically is prone to “dictionary attacks.” Since the TPM is implemented in a dedicated hardware module, a dictionary attack prevention mechanism was built-in, which effectively prevents guessing or automated dictionary attacks, while still allowing the user a sufficient and reasonable number of tries. Password protectionĪccess to keys, data or systems is often protected and requires authentication by presenting a password.
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A number of third-party full disk encryption products also support the TPM chip. Disk encryptionįull disk encryption applications, such as TrueCrypt, SecureDoc, the dm-crypt feature of modern Linux kernels, and the BitLocker Drive Encryption feature of some Windows operating systems, can use this technology to protect the keys used to encrypt the computer's hard disks and provide integrity authentication for a trusted boot pathway (e.g., BIOS, boot sector, etc.). Only then can applications and users running on that platform rely on its security characteristics such as secure I/O “what you see is what you get,” uncompromised keyboard entries, memory and storage operations. The BIOS and the OS have the primary responsibility to utilize the TPM to assure platform integrity. A good example can be found in Microsoft's BitLocker Drive Encryption (see below).
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These metrics can be used to detect changes to previous configurations and derive decisions how to proceed. Together with the BIOS, the TPM forms a Root of Trust: The TPM contains several platform configuration registers (PCR) that allow a secure storage and reporting of security relevant metrics. In this context “integrity” means “behave as intended” and a “platform” is generically any computer platform-not limited to PCs or just Windows: Start the power-on boot process from a trusted condition and extend this trust until the OS has fully booted and applications are running. The primary scope of a TPM (in combination with other TCG implementations) is to assure the integrity of a platform. Rosenberg, in Rugged Embedded Systems, 2017 4.3.8 Platform integrity